Coffee is a widely consumed beverage with multifaceted health benefits. While several studies have explored its effects on various diseases, limited reports have investigated its association with liver disease. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the effects of coffee consumption and its major coffee components on liver disease. Meta-analysis results have suggested that coffee consumption may reduce the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial actions of coffee consumption remain elusive. Studying the individual components of coffee could help us better understand the mechanisms behind its liver protective effects. To clarify a more precise mechanism of coffee-related liver protective effects, the experimentally determined effects of each coffee component on liver diseases are also reviewed.
Excerpts citing our work:
"Inhibition of lipid accumulation of caffeine was associated with the regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression. A recent study showed that caffeine reduced levels of circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in healthy volunteers. In addition, caffeine-induced increase in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium level inhibited the transcriptional activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), which is responsible for regulating PCSK9 expression, leading to increased LDLR expression and promotion of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) clearance. This effect of caffeine may be one of the mechanisms of action supporting the beneficial effect of coffee consumption on lipid metabolism disorders resulting in cardiovascular and chronic liver disease."
"These components also play a role in regulating metabolic signaling, as coffee components can influence lipid and cancer metabolism by regulating adipogenesis and carcinogenesis."